diversions, a useful netbsd system on a vax 3100 in 80mb disk space.
A USEFUL NETBSD SYSTEM ON A VAX 3100 WITH ONLY AN 80MB HARD DRIVE
0. TAKE INVENTORY
1. A FIRST TEST
2. INSTALL NETBSD
3. FIRST BOOT
4. FREEING SPACE
5. INSTALL STANDARD PACKAGES
6. SYSTEM TUNING
7. ADDITIONAL SOFTWARE
8. REFERENCES
0. TAKE INVENTORY
Depending on where you dug your VAX out of, you might not have everything you
need to get it going. In my case, it arrived sans hard drive, and the only
thing I could dig up laying around the house that wasn't already in use and
that had the correct 50-pin SCSI pinout was an 80G drive out of a disassembled
Emax II and a Sony CD-ROM drive that I have five of for some reason. I believe
looking at the system boards that this has both the mono and the 8-bit color
framebuffer hardware, but I don't have the odd SPX/GPX connector or a VR260 /
VR290 to hook it up to. I should probably build an adapter one of these days...
Anyway, here's the specs:
<![CDATA[VAXstation 3100 Model 30 "PVAX"
KA-42-A V1.6 CVAX 11.12MHz
16MB RAM
80MB HD
CD-ROM
Thin ethernet (10MBit)
9600-8-N-1 console on printer port
]]>
1. A FIRST TEST
You'll need some way to get console on the machine; the easiest way is to
hook up a reasonably VT-compatible terminal (or your PC with a suitable
emulator) to the MMJ 'printer' port @ 9600-8-N-1. I have both a VT420 and
VT220 so I just used the closest one to the machine (the VT420).
You really want to make sure all your connections work and all your devices
are recognized before you go any further. Make sure your machine can power up
and get to the 'chevron'
>>> firmware prompt on your console -- you
might need to hit the halt button on the back if it's set to autoboot off of
anything but the CD-ROM - particularly if you're trying to boot off an ethernet
device without anything connected ;)
Type
SHOW DEV to ensure your hard drive, CD-ROM, etc. are recognized -
<![CDATA[>>> show dev
VMS/VMB ULTRIX ADDR DEVTYP NUMBYTES RM/FX WP DEVNAM REV
------- ------ -------- ------ -------- ----- -- ------ ---
ESA0 SE0 08-00-2B-16-31-4C
DKA100 RZ1 A/1/0/0 DISK 84.0MB FX LP80S
DKA400 RZ4 A/4/0/00 RODISK 106MB RM CD-ROM
...HostID... A/6 INITR
>>>
]]>
You should run at least two diagnostics at this point:
TEST B to
check the system memory and
TEST 50 to show the machine's configuration
and any errors.
<![CDATA[>>> test b
B...
>>> test 50
KA42-A V1.6
ID 08-00-2B-16-31-4C
MONO 0000.0001
CLK 0000.0001
NVR 0000.0001
? DZ 0000.4001
00000001 00000001 00000001 00004001 00000000 00000000
MEM 0010.0001
01000000
MM 0000.0001
FP 0000.0001
IT 0000.0001
STRG-1 7777.0001 V1.30
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
SCSI-A 1212.0001 V1.30
FFFFFF05 00000001 FFFFFF05 FFFFFF05 05000001 FFFFFF05 FFFFFF03 FFFFFF05
SYS 0000.0001
8PLN 0000.0001 V1.3
NI 0100.0001
>>>
]]>
We can see from the above that:
<![CDATA[B...]]>
Memory is good
<![CDATA[ ? DZ 0000.4001
00000001 00000001 00000001 00004001 00000000 00000000]]>
The serial line controller doesn't have the keyboard/mouse connected
<![CDATA[ MEM 0010.0001
01000000]]>
There is 16MB installed in the system
<![CDATA[ STRG-1 7777.0001 V1.30
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000]]>
Nothing is hooked to the ST506/MFM connector
<![CDATA[ SCSI-A 1212.0001 V1.30
FFFFFF05 00000001 FFFFFF05 FFFFFF05 05000001 FFFFFF05 FFFFFF03 FFFFFF05]]>
Two devices are hooked to the SCSI-A bus, a fixed disk at #1 and a CD-ROM at #4
<![CDATA[ NI 0100.0001]]>
Ethernet AUI port is connected properly
<![CDATA[ MONO 0000.0001
8PLN 0000.0001 V1.3]]>
Both the monochrome and 8-plane graphics options are installed
Obviously if you had some problems here, particularly with the memory or the
disks, you'd want to replace them before going any further...
2. INSTALL NETBSD
You'll need the NetBSD 2.0 CD -
ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-archive/iso/2.0/vaxcd.iso
I used the stock 2.0 release, but presumably the 2.0.2 release would work as
well. Don't bother with 3.1 or anything newer unless you've got a substantially
bigger hard drive (say 500MB or so). I would have actually liked to use the 1.6.2
release since it's got plenty of pre-made pkgsrc packages for VAX, but booting
off the CD hung the system.
1. At the chevron prompt, Boot off the CD-ROM. This device will be in the device table above.
<![CDATA[>>> boot DKA400]]>
2. NetBSD 2.0 will start up, and hopefully after a few minutes, you'll get
the standard installation screen. Pick your language and then choose
<![CDATA[a: Install NetBSD to hard disk
b: Yes
Hit enter to continue
b: Custom Installation
]]>
You'll want to chose to install ONLY the kernel, base, System (/etc). This
works out to
<![CDATA[ 3M kernel
45M base
1M etc
]]>
and will leave about 26M free on the first boot before we trim stuff down.
<![CDATA[x: Install selected sets
a: Set sizes of NetBSD partitions
]]>
Doesn't make sense to split things up on such a small disk; just put a single
partition with / on it. For some reason, the partition editor wants to make
my 80MB disk a 102MB disk, so I have to resize it. You might want to switch
the units to sectors to make sure you're getting the entire disk. Don't make
a swap partition, we'll turn on a swapfile as needed
<![CDATA[x: Partition sizes ok
Please enter a name for your NetBSD disk:
b: Yes
]]>
The disk will be formatted, etc. and then you'll be prompted to press ENTER
to continue. Note that this doesn't make the disk bootable, we'll do that
in another step.
<![CDATA[a: Progress bar (recommended)
c: CD-ROM / DVD
c: Continue
]]>
The drive will be mounted and you'll be asked to hit ENTER to continue again.
Now the packages will start extracting. This will take ~ 20 minutes.
<![CDATA[Hit enter to continue
]]>
MAKEDEV will then take a few minutes to run.
<![CDATA[Hit enter to continue
Choose timezone
Password Cipher (DES is fine)
Set root password
Hit enter to continue
Choose Shell
(you probably want ksh rather than the default csh, for history, etc.)
Hit enter to continue
]]>
We need to do a few more things before rebooting so that the system will boot
off the hard drive and the network will come up correctly, etc.
<![CDATA[e: Utility menu
c: Configure network
Network device: le0
DNS domain:
host name: vax3100
IPv4: 192.168.1.220 (some static IP on your network)
IPv4 netmask: 0xffffffff00 (whatever your netmask is)
IPv4 gateway: 192.168.1.1 (your gateway)
IPv4 name server: 205.152.37.23 (your nameserver here
]]>
Accept the settings, then pay attention to the tests - the pings should work.
Now we need to drop to a shell and do some configuration
<![CDATA[a: Run /bin/sh
# make the disk bootable
disklabel -B /sd0
# mount the hard drive so we can make changes
mount /dev/sd0a /mnt
# set up networking
# turn off unused daemons as desired
# start sshd on boot
echo "hostname=vax3100" >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
echo "dhclient=yes" >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
echo "cron=no" >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
echo "sendmail=no" >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
echo "inetd=no" >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
echo "sshd=yes" >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
echo "savecore=no" >> /mnt/etc/rc.conf
# Allow root logins over SSH:
echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /mnt/etc/ssh/sshd_config
# Set the console type so it doesn't ask every time - note that even though I
# actually have a VT420, I use the vt320-w so I can have 132 columns on the
# system console.
echo "if [ `tty` == \"/dev/console\" ]" >> /mnt/root/.profile
echo "then" >> /mnt/root/.profile
echo " export TERM=vt320-w" >> /mnt/root/.profile
echo "else" >> /mnt/root/.profile
echo " export TERM=vt102" >> /mnt/root/.profile
echo "fi" >> /mnt/root/.profile
# keybindings
delete-char-forward
beginning-of-line
end-of-line
bind '^[['=prefix-2
bind '^[[3~'=delete-char-forward
# If you want home, try these:
bind '^[[1'=prefix-2
bind '^[[1~'=beginning-of-line
# And end is like this:
bind '^[[4'=prefix-2
bind '^[[4~'=end-of-line
# I prefer 'less' to 'more':
echo "export PAGER=/usr/bin/less" >> /mnt/root/.profile
# This is a environment variable used by the joe editor to determine scrolling
# mechanism, etc. Works a lot better with it turned on:
echo "export BAUD=9600" >> /mnt/root/.profile
# Everyone wants a fortune cookie when they log in:
echo "/usr/games/fortune" >> /mnt/root/.profile
### umount the drive
umount /mnt
exit
]]>
Now you can halt the system from the menu; this will return you back to the
firmware, where you can do
<![CDATA[>>> set boot DKA100
>>> boot
]]>
and with any luck NetBSD will crank up. You don't have to set the boot device
in the firmware if you always want to system to give you the chevron on startup.
3. FIRST BOOT
On the first boot, it will need to generate the DSA/RSA keypairs needed for
SSH so you may as well go take a nap, drive to the store, etc. My system took
about 30 minutes to get through this part. Once it's done, you'll be able to
log on to the console as root, or via an SSH session.
<![CDATA[### check the date, and set it if necessary
date
date YYYYMMDDhhmm
### ensure networking started (you should have an ip address)
ifconfig le0
### ensure your desired daemons, etc. are running
ps aux
]]>
If everything looks ok, you can start trimming away the stuff you don't need.
4. FREEING SPACE
This should be more or less what we're starting with:
<![CDATA[df -h /dev/sd0a
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/sd0a 78M 47M 26M 64% /
]]>
This minimal install will need to be a good deal smaller if we
want to actually install a compiler or any other packages.
Since the disk is so tiny, even deleting unused directories can make a
difference (if you delete enough of them). There's a lot of stuff I *won't*
be using this server for - no printing, ftp, etc. daemons other than
sshd and syslogd, no mail, no rsh and derived commands, etc.
I also pretty much only need LANG=C for localization/internationalization.
Obvously, your mileage may vary. Don't delete things you want to use!
First, we'll get rid of 8M or so of low-hanging fruit - the
internationalization stuff and the rescue files:
<![CDATA[rm -rf /usr/share/i18n
rm -rf /usr/share/locale
rm -rf /rescue
rm -rf /altroot
]]>
And now to walk through the tree and yank out anything we don't need.
Note that getting rid of the /etc/rc.d scripts will cause rcorder to complain at
startup. I ignore complainy things, but if this bothers you, just change
the dependencies in the scripts accordingly.
<![CDATA[cd /bin
rm domainname mt rcmd rcp rmail
cd /etc
rm -rf X11 bootptab cgd daily daily.conf dm.conf dumpdates floppytab
rm -rf ftpchroot ftpusers hosts hosts.equiv hosts.lpd inetd.conf mail
rm -rf mail.rc mailer.conf monthly monthly.conf mtree namedb ntp.conf
rm -rf phones postfix postinstall powerd printcap racoon rbootd.conf
rm -rf remote resolv.conf.save rmt security security.conf sliphome
rm -rf uucp weekly weekly.conf changelist kerberosIV kerberosV fonts
rm -rf mrouted.conf
cd /etc/rc.d
rm accounting altqd amd apmd cgd ccd dhcpd dhcrelay fixsb identd
rm ifwatchd ipfilter ipfs ipmon ipnat ipsec isdnd kdc lpd mixerctl mopd
rm moused mrouted named ndbootd nfsd nfslocking ntpd poffd postfix powerd
rm ppp quota racoon raidframe raidframeparity rarpd rbootd route6d routed
rm rpcbind rtadvd rtclocaltime rtsold rwho sendmail smmsp timed tpctl xdm
rm xfs ypbind yppasswdd ypserv
cd /sbin
rm atactl brconfig ccdconfig cgdconfig clri dump dump_lfs rdump rdump_lfs
rm fsirand ipf ipppctl lmcctl mount_ados mount_ntfs mount_smbfs ping6
rm pppoectl raidctl routed restore rrestore rtsol tbrconfig
cd /usr
rm -rf X11R6
cd /usr/bin
rm at atq atrm audio* batch biff cdplay ci cksum co compile_et cu dc diff3
rm dig dnsquery expand fmt fold from fsplit hesinfo host hoststat id ident
rm info innetgr jot kdump ktrace ktruss lam lastcomm leave lesskey locale
rm lock look lp lpq lpr lprm machine mail Mail mailq mailx md2 md4 midiplay
rm mixerctl mklocale more mset msgs netgroup nfsstat nslookup nsupdate od
rm page pagesize paste pawd pgrep pkill pmap pr quota rcp rcs* rdist rev
rm rlog rlogin rmd160 rpcinfo rs rsh rup ruptime rusers rwall rwho script
rm sdiff send-pr sha1 shlock showmount skey skeyaudit skeyinfo skeyinit
rm sum sysstat tcopy tftp tip tn3270 units unvis usb* uu* vacation vis
rm vmstat what whatis whereis whois ypcat ypmatch yppasswd ypwhich zforce
rm znew kdestroy kinit klist kpasswd
cd /usr/sbin
rm cnwctl daicctl dhcpd dhcrelay dtmfdecode faithd hlfsd ifmcstat ifwatchd
rm ipfs ipfstat ipftest ipmon ipnat ippool ipresend ipsend iptest irdaattach
rm isdn* mailstats mailwrapper map-mbone mlxctl mop* moused mrinfo mrouted
rm mscdlabel named named* ndbootd ndc ndp nfsd ntpd ntpdc omshell pcictl
rm post* pppd pppdump pppstats praliases pvcsif pvctxctl racoon rarpd rbootd
rm rip6query rmt route6d rpc* rtadvd rtquery rtsold rwhod sendmail sliplogin
rm slstats spray stdethers stdhosts sunlabel sup supfilesrv supscan sushi
rm tcpdump timed timedc traceroute6 trpt trsp usbdevs uuchk vnconfig wiconfig
rm yp* zdump zic amd amq kadmin kdc kstash ktutil
cd /usr/share
rm -rf sushi sendmail gnats calendar doc man dhcpd
cd /usr/share/misc/
rm bsd-family-tree mail.help mail.tildehelp map3270 nslookup.help units.lib
rm usb_hid_usages vgrindefs.db acronyms acronyms.comp
cd /usr/libexec
rm -rf atrun comsat fingerd ftpd identd lpr mail.local named-xfer postfix
rm rlogind rexecd rmail rpc.rquotad rpc.rstatd rpc.rusersd rpc.rwalld
rm -rf rpc.sprayd rshd sendmail sftp-server smrsh telnetd tftpd uucp uucpd
cd /var
rm -rf account at backups heimdal mail msgs quotas rwho yp
rm cron/tabs/root
rm -rf games/*
cd /var/log
rm -rf maillog rdist secure sendmail.st xferlog lpd-errs aculog cron
cd /var/chroot
rm -rf named ntpd
cd /var/db
rm -rf locate.database ns obsolete
cd /var/spool
rm -rf clientmqueue mqueue ftp postfix uucp uucppublic output/lpd
]]>
You can remove all the timezones that aren't yours, but you probably want to
keep one around and symlink it to /etc/localtime so date conversions, etc. will
work properly.
<![CDATA[cd /usr/share
mv zoneinfo/US/Eastern .
rm -rf zoneinfo/*
mkdir -p zoneinfo/US
mv Eastern zoneinfo/US/
cd /etc
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Eastern localtime
]]>
Trim down termcap to only the entries you need - in my case this was just
vt100 vt102 vt102-w vt220 vt220-w vt320 vt320-w vt420
<![CDATA[cd /usr/share/misc
rm termcap.db
vi termcap
cap_mkdb termcap
]]>
And there are a few other things you can consider removing:
???
wscons - I really don't think it's used
kerberos - I really don't think it's used
pcs750.bin - I think this is microcode patches for 11/750s
???
Now, we can install some packages.
5. INSTALL STANDARD PACKAGES
This is how much space the additional NetBSD packages take up when uncompressed:
<![CDATA[comp.tgz 58M these are the compilers
games.tgz 7.4M games!
man 35M man pages, some of which we might want later
misc 11M miscellaneous stuff you don't need except possibly /usr/share/dict
text 7.3M texinfo, groff, eqn, nroff stuff - useful
]]>
We don't really have enough space to uncompress anything big without pruning
back the stuff we don't need as it uncompresses, so we certainly don't have
the space to put the tarball on the same drive that we're decompressing to.
This means we get it from the CD:
<![CDATA[mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
tar zxvf /mnt/vax/binary/sets/comp.tgz -C /
]]>
or over SSH:
<![CDATA[ssh 192.168.1.41 'dd if=/mnt/tmp/vax/binary/sets/comp.tgz' | tar zxf - -C /
ssh 192.168.1.41 'cd /tmp/netbsd-comp ; tar cf - *' | tar xf - -C /
]]>
comp.tgz
Primarily, I want to be able to use this machine to do native VAX compilations,
so we'll get the big one out of the way first. With the NetBSD CD in the drive,
do:
<![CDATA[mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
tar zxvf /mnt/vax/binary/sets/comp.tgz -C /
]]>
or from another machine:
<![CDATA[ssh 192.168.1.41 'cat /mnt/tmp/vax/binary/sets/comp.tgz' | tar zxvf - -C /
]]>
We *almost* have enough space to unpack the entire thing, but much of it I
don't need, like the FORTRAN or C++ compilers, static *_p.a and *_pic.a
libraries, etc. I found it easiest to create a small script that I could run
periodically in another SSH window whenever I found the disk space was
getting too low (within 5MB of capacity or so) and once again at the end
of the process to make sure I got them all.
<![CDATA[#!/bin/sh
rm /var/db/libc.tags
rm -rf /usr/share/man
rm -rf /usr/share/locale
rm -rf /etc/mtree
rm -rf /usr/libdata/lint
rm -f /usr/libexec/cc1obj
rm -f /usr/libexec/cc1plus
rm -f /usr/libexec/f771
rm -f /usr/lib/libobjc*
rm -f /usr/lib/librpc*
rm -f /usr/share/mk
cd /usr/bin
rm asa c++ c++filt cvs cvsbug f77 fgen fort77 fpr g++ g77 rpcgen
cd /usr/include
rm -rf adosfs altq g++ kadm5 kerberosIV krb5 net80211 netatalk netccitt
rm -rf netisdn nfs nsswitch.h ntfs objc rmt.h rmd160.h rpcsvc soundcard.h
cd /usr/include/dev
rm -rf apm ata ccdvar.h cgdvar.h ieee1394 ic ir isa ofw pci pcmcia raidframe
rm -rf sun usb
cd /usr/lib
rm -f *_p.a *_pic.a
i18n ...
ldconfig
]]>
games.tgz
There's enough space to install these as-is, and trim them down after the fact.
<![CDATA[tar zxvf /mnt/vax/binary/sets/games.tgz -C /
rm -rf /etc/mtree
rm -rf /usr/share/man/cat*
cd /usr/share/man/man6/
rm morse.6 arithmetic.6 banner.6 bcd.6 ppt.6 rot13.6 hangman.6 caesar.6
rm canfield.6 atc.6 boggle.6 backgammon.6 countmail.6 dab.6 cribbage.6
rm factor.6 gomoku.6 fish.6 mille.6 number.6 monop.6 pom.6 pig.6 primes.6
rm robots.6 sail.6 snake.6 worm.6 trek.6 wargames.6 quiz.6 wtf.6 intro.6
cd /usr/games
rm arithmetic atc backgammon banner bcd boggle caesar canfield countmail
rm cribbage dab factor fish gomoku hangman mille monop morse number pig
rm pom ppt primes quiz robots rot13 sail snake trek wargames worm wtf
cd /usr/share/games
rm -rf cribbage.instr quiz.db fish.instr cards.pck boggle atc
ldconfig
]]>
text.tgz
There's enough space to install these as-is and trim them down after the fact.
<![CDATA[tar zxvf /mnt/vax/binary/sets/text.tgz -C /
rm -rf /etc/mtree
rm -rf /usr/share/man/cat*
cd /usr/share/groff_font
rm -rf devcp1047 devdvi devkoi8-r devlatin1 devlbp devlj4 devps devX100 devX100-12 devX75 devX75-12
//// still need to prune this ////
]]>
man.tgz
Rather than install the entire 35MB package, we can just grab the manpage
sources themselves for about 13MB to start with, and then trim them down a
good bit by removing the ones we don't need.
<![CDATA[mount /dev/cd0a /mnt
tar zxvf /mnt/vax/binary/sets/man.tgz usr/share/man/* -C /
cd /usr/share/man/man1
rm -rf altqstat.1 at.1 atari atq.1 atrm.1 audioctl.1 audioplay.1 audiorecord.1
rm -rf batch.1 biff.1 cdplay.1 ci.1 cksum.1 co.1 compile_et.1 crontab.1 cu.1
rm -rf daicctl.1 diff3.1 dig.1 dnskeygen.1 dnsquery.1 domainname.1 dtmfdecode.1
rm -rf fdformat.1 finger.1 fmt.1 fold.1 from.1 fsplit.1 grfinfo.1 hesinfo.1
rm -rf host.1 id.1 ident.1 info.1 innetgr.1 ipcrm.1 ipcs.1 ipftest.1 ipresend.1
rm -rf ipsend.1 iptest.1 kdestroy.1 kdump.1 kinit.1 klist.1 kpasswd.1 ktrace.1
rm -rf ktruss.1 lam.1 leave.1 lesskey.1 locale.1 locate.1 lock.1 look.1 lp.1
rm -rf lpq.1 lpr.1 lprm.1 lptest.1 mail.1 Mail.1 mailq.1 mailx.1 midiplay.1
rm -rf mixerctl.1 mklocale.1 mopchk.1 mopcopy.1 mopprobe.1 moptrace.1 mset.1
rm -rf msgs.1 mt.1 netgroup.1 newaliases.1 od.1 omshell.1 openssl_*.1 page.1
rm -rf pagesize.1 paste.1 pawd.1 pgrep.1 pkill.1 pmap.1 pmc.1 popd.1 post*.1
rm -rf pr.1 quota.1 rcmd.1 rcp.1 rcs*.1 rdist.1 rehash.1 repeat.1 rev.1 rlog.1
rm -rf rlogin.1 rmd160.1 rs.1 rsh.1 rtld.1 rup.1 ruptime.1 rusers.1 rwall.1
rm -rf rwho.1 script.1 sdiff.1 send-pr.1 sftp.1 shlock.1 skey*.1 source.1
rm -rf stop.1 sum.1 sup.1 suspend.1 tcopy.1 tftp.1 tip.1 tn3270.1 units.1
rm -rf unvis.1 uu*.1 vacation.1 vis.1 vmstat.1 what.1 whatis.1 whereis.1
rm -rf whois.1 x68k yp*.1 zforce.1 znew.1
//// still need to prune the ones below more
cd /usr/share/man/man4
rm -rf acorn26 acorn32 alpha amiga atari cobalt dreamcast evbarm hp300
rm -rf hpcsh i386 mac68k macppc mvme68k pc532 pmax pmppc sgimips sparc
rm -rf sparc64 sun2 sun3 x68k
rm -rf faith.4 arc
rm sequencer.4 audio.4 mpu.4 opl.4 umidi.4 cms.4 pcppi.4 sb.4 autri.4 clcs.4 eap.4
rm sequencer.* audio.* mpu.* opl.* umidi.* cms.* pcppi.* sb.* autri.* clcs.* eap.*
midiplay(1), ioctl(2), ossaudio(3), audio(4), mpu(4), opl(4), umidi(4)
For ports using the ISA bus: cms(4), pcppi(4), sb(4)
For ports using the PCI bus: autri(4), clcs(4), eap(4)
cd /usr/share/man/man5
rm uuencode.5 weekly.conf.5 rtadvd.conf.5 texinfo.5 rpc.5
rm route.conf.5 rhosts.5 remote.5 relocated.5 rcsfile.5
rm racoon.conf.5 printcap.5 phones.5 nsswitch.conf.5 netid.5
rm netgroup.5 named.conf.5 monthly.conf.5 mixerctl.conf.5
rm map3270.5 mailer.conf.5 isdn*.5 krb*.5 ip*.5 inetd.conf.5
rm hesiod.conf.5 ftpd.conf.5 ftpusers.5 dhcpd.conf.5
rm dhcpd.leases.5 daily.conf.5 crontab.5 ccd.conf.5 amd.conf.5
rm altq.conf.5 acct.5 access.5
cd /usr/share/man/man7
rm nls.7 mailaddr.7
cd /usr/share/man/man8
rm -rf acorn26 acorn32 alpha amiga atari cobalt dreamcast hp300 hpcmips i386
rm -rf mac68k macppc mvme68k pc532 pmax pmppc sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3
rm -rf yp*.8 sushi.8 rpc*.8 routed.8 route6d.8 rmt.8 rmail.8 rlogind.8
rm -rf rquotad.8 rshd.8 rstatd.8 rdump.8 rwalld.8 rwhod.8 rusersd.8
rm -rf raidctl.8 rarpd.8 rbootd.8 racoon.8 quota*.8 ppp*.8 ip*.8 isdn*.8
rm -rf irda*.8 uu*.8 next68k nfsd.8 nis.8 usbdevs.8 verify_krb5_conf.8
rm -rf timed.8 timedc.8 telnetd.8 tcpd*.8 traceroute6.8 sunlabel.8 sup*.8
rm -rf sushi.8 tftpd.8 slattach.8 slip*.8 slstats.8 smtpd.8 spray*.8
rm -rf rip6query.8 sftp-server.8 showq.8 moused.8 mrouted.8 mtrace.8
rm -rf mtree.8 named*.8 lockd.8 mail*.8 mld6query.8 mopd.8 kpasswdd.8
rm -rf kstash.8 ktutil.8 identd.8 inetd.8 kadmin.8 kadmind.8 kdc.8
rm -rf kerberos.8 dhcpd.8 dhcrelay.8 faithd.8 fingerd.8 accton.8
rm -rf ccdconfig.8 cgdconfig.8 cron.8 rtquery.8 rtsold.8 rtsol.8
rm -rf sendmail.8 atrun.8 rdump_lfs.8 rexecd.8 atactl.8 rtadvd.8
rm -rf rdump.8 ntptrace.8 ping6.8 rdisc.8 nis.8 nslookup.8 nsupdate.8
rm -rf ntpd.8 ntpq.8 next68k nfsd.8 zzz.8 apm.8 apmd.8
]]>
We can also save a ton of space by preformatting the man pages and then
gzipping the preformatted files and deleting the sources; this will also
cause man(1) to render the pages quite a bit faster. Here's a comparison:
<![CDATA[6089 man.1 original man page
5329 man.0 preformatted man page
2531 man.1.gz original man page, gzipped
1870 man.0.gz preformatted man page, gzipped
]]>
Normally we'd use catman(1) to do this, but it also tries to build the whatis
database, which takes a few years on this machine. So I created an
alternate script 'zipman' that does the preformatting and gzipping for all
the sources on the system:
<![CDATA[#!/bin/sh
#
# zipman - preformat and compress man pages to save space
#
#
# main loop - this gets the bulk of the pages
for X in 1 4 5 6 7 8
do
mkdir /usr/share/man/cat$X
cd /usr/share/man/man$X
for Y in *
do
Z=`basename $Y .$X`
echo "nroff -msafer -man $Y > /usr/share/man/cat$X/$Z.0"
nroff -msafer -man $Y > /usr/share/man/cat$X/$Z.0
gzip /usr/share/man/cat$X/$Z.0
gzip $Y
done
done
# special handling for the architecture-dependent subdirs
for X in 4 8
do
mkdir /usr/share/man/cat$X/vax
cd /usr/share/man/man$X/vax
for Y in *
do
Z=`basename $Y .$X`
echo "nroff -msafer -man $Y > /usr/share/man/cat$X/vax/$Z.0"
nroff -msafer -man $Y > /usr/share/man/cat$X/vax/$Z.0
gzip /usr/share/man/cat$X/vax/$Z.0
gzip $Y
done
done
]]>
One additional nice bonus to this script is that the size of both of the
zipped manpage source and preformatted files together is slightly less
than the original uncompressed source. So you don't have to watch disk
space like a hawk while it runs... which is good because it will take
about 20 hours to run on all the manpages.
Once it's done, spot check a few of the preformatted pages to make sure
they're working. When you're satisfied, you can eliminate the sources
and gain about 6MB back:
<![CDATA[# rm -rf man1/* man4/* man5/* man6/* man7/* man8/*
]]>
6. SYSTEM TUNING
This probably qualifies as a 'small memory' machine, so we apply this tuning:
<![CDATA[vi /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.anonmax=95
]]>
Normal operations (just editing/compiling single files and running the system)
seem to do ok without any swap at all. However, compiles of medium to large
codebases (lynx is about 104K LOC) will require some amount of swap. Since we
don't want to dedicate a chunk of disk for swapping, we just create a temporary
swapfile whenever needed:
<![CDATA[dd if=/dev/zero bs=1m count=4 of=/swapfile
chmod 600 /swapfile
swapctl -a -p 0 /swapfile
]]>
and then remove it when done:
<![CDATA[swapctl -d /swapfile
rm /swapfile
]]>
If for whatever reason you need permanent swapspace, it can be added to fstab:
<![CDATA[echo "/swapfile none swap sw,priority=0 0 0" >> /etc/fstab]]>
7. ADDITIONAL SOFTWARE
joe
The traditional vi provided with NetBSD works, but it grates a bit at times when
my hands accedentally hit vim keybindings all on their own... or the termcap
isn't set up right and I have to remember the non-arrow navigation keys, etc.
joe (jstar) uses the Wordstar keybindings I've been using since ~1980, and at
25K LOC is a reasonable medium-size project to attempt a first compilation for.
The latest version of joe is 3.7 as of this writing, but it's twice the amount
of code, and it compiles to a 900k executable -- so I used the lean and mean
version 2.8 instead (which comes to 156k stripped).
<![CDATA[Requirements:
1.3M for the unpacked source and transient .o files
4.0M of swap
~ 46 minutes to compile
~ 183 blocks disk space when installed
# ftp ftp.ibiblio.org
ftp> cd pub/linux/apps/editors/terminal
ftp> get joe-2.8-src+bin.tar.gz
ftp> bye
# tar zxvf joe-2.8-src+bin.tar.gz
# rm joe-2.8-src+bin.tar.gz
# cd joe-2.8
# vi config.h
/*long time();*/
# dd if=/dev/zero bs=1m count=4 of=/swapfile
# chmod 600 /swapfile
# swapctl -a -p 0 /swapfile
# make
# swapctl -d /swapfile
# rm /swapfile
# strip jstar -o /usr/bin/jstar
# cp jstarrc ../.jstarrc
# nroff -msafer -man joe.1 > /usr/share/man/cat1/joe.0
# gzip /usr/share/man/cat1/joe.0
# cd ..
# rm -rf joe-2.8
# vi .jstarrc
/// put jstarrc customization here ///
]]>
lynx
Possibly the best option for web browsing on this machine, even if we did have
X running. By disabling most of the features I use other standalone programs
for and stripping the binary, we can get it down to 700K.
<![CDATA[Requirements:
16.0M for the unpacked source and transient .o files
8.0M of swap
~ 4.5 hours to compile
~ 853 blocks disk space when installed
ftp ftp.cyf-kr.edu.pl
ftp> cd pub/unix/lynx/current
ftp> get lynx2.8.6rel.5.tar.gz
ftp> bye
# tar zxvf lynx2.8.6rel.5.tar.gz
# rm lynx2.8.6rel.5.tar.gz
# cd lynx2-8-6
# dd if=/dev/zero bs=1m count=8 of=/swapfile
# chmod 600 /swapfile
# swapctl -a -p 0 /swapfile
# ./configure --disable-alt-bindings \
--disable-bibp-urls--disable-color-style --disable-config-info \
--disable-dired --disable-extended-dtd --disable-file-upload \
--disable-finger --disable-forms-options --disable-ftp --enable-full-paths \
--disable-gopher --disable-included-msgs --enable-justify-elts \
--disable-largefiles --disable-long-list --disable-menu-options \
--disable-news --enable-partial --disable-persistent-cookies \
--disable-prettysrc --disable-read-eta --disable-source-cache \
--disable-trace --disable-addrlist-page --disable-cgi-links \
--disable-change-exec --disable-charset-choice --disable-cjk \
--disable-debug \
--disable-default-colors --disable-exec-links --disable-exec-scripts \
--enable-externs --disable-find-leaks --disable-font-switch \
--enable-gzip-help --disable-htmlized-cfg --disable-internal-links \
--disable-ipv6 --disable-japanese-utf8 --disable-kbd-layout \
--disable-libjs \
--disable-locale-charset --enable-nested-tables --disable-nls \
--disable-nls-fork --disable-scrollbar --disable-syslog \
--enable-underlines \
--disable-vertrace --disable-widec --sysconfdir=/etc \
--with-screen=curses && make
# swapctl -d /swapfile
# rm /swapfile
# strip lynx -o /usr/bin/lynx
# mkdir -p /usr/local/etc
# cp lynx.cfg /usr/local/etc/
# cp samples/lynx.lss /usr/local/etc/
# nroff -msafer -man lynx.man > /usr/share/man/cat1/lynx.0
# gzip /usr/share/man/cat1/lynx.0
# cd ..
# rm -rf lynx2-8-6
]]>
mc
The Midnight Commander, for when you want to navigate a directory tree in a
bit nicer fashion than pushd/popd.
Don't be fooled by the giant 1.3MB executable; if you run strip(1) on it you
can reduce it to about 300K.
<![CDATA[Requirements:
8.0M for the unpacked source and transient .o files
4.0M of swap while compiling
~ 1.5 hours to compile
~ 634 blocks disk space when installed
# ftp ftp.gnu.org
ftp> cd gnu/mc
ftp> get mc-3.2.1.tar.gz
ftp> bye
# tar zxvf mc-3.2.1.tar.gz
# rm mc-3.2.1.tar.gz
# cd mc-3.2.1
# dd if=/dev/zero bs=1m count=4 of=/swapfile
# chmod 600 /swapfile
# swapctl -a -p 0 /swapfile
# ./configure && make && make install
# swapctl -d /swapfile
# rm /swapfile
# nroff -msafer -man /usr/local/man/man1/mc.1 > /usr/share/man/cat1/mc.0
# gzip /usr/share/man/cat1/mc.0
# nroff -msafer -man /usr/local/man/man8/mcserv.8 > /usr/share/man/cat8/mcserv.0
# gzip /usr/share/man/cat8/mcserv.0
# /usr/share/man/man8/
# rm -rf /usr/local/man
# strip /usr/local/bin/mc
# cd ..
# rm -rf mc-3.2.1
]]>
slrn
screen
centericq
iptraf
links-2
links-2 http://links.twibright.com/download/links-2.2.tar.gz
htop
8. REFERENCES
http://www.mcmanis.com/chuck/computers/vaxen/buildvax.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAXstation#VAXstation_3100_Series
http://home.iae.nl/users/pb0aia/vax/dsvs3100.html
http://home.iae.nl/users/pb0aia/vax/vs3khw.html
http://www.people.vcu.edu/~agnew/MVAX/MVAX_FAQ.HTML
ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-archive/iso/2.0/
ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-archive/NetBSD-2.0/vax/INSTALL.txt
http://www-aix.gsi.de/~kraemer/COLLECTION/DEC/vax.html#vs3130
http://www.people.vcu.edu/~agnew/MVAX/SOC3100.HTML
ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/vax/1.6.2/
http://poetry.freaknet.org/poetryminihowto/microvax-3100-console-hack_asbesto.txt
http://antinode.info/dec/vs3100_diag.html
http://antinode.info/dec/index.html#VAXstation_3100
http://mail-index.netbsd.org/tech-kern/2002/11/27/0005.html